Antoni Berezowski (May 9, 1847, Avartin, nearby Zhitomir, Russian empire – 1916, Bourail, New Caledonia) made an unsuccessful attempt at the Russian emperor Аlexander II.
Berezowski was the son of a fine Polish nobleman - teachers of music. In 1863, at the age of 16 years, he took part in the Polish revolt. He emigrated, since 1865 of veins in Paris, worked in a metalwork workshop. In 1867 when Tsar Alexander II arrived to Paris for the World's fair, Berezowski conceived to kill him to liberate the native land. Оn June 6 at 5 o'clock p.m. at Hippodrome Longchamp (in Bois de Boulogne) he shot at the tsar who had just come back from a military review (together with tsar, in the carriage crew there were two of his sons and Napoleon III, Emperor of the French). A double-barrelled pistol broke off at a shot, and the bullet, having deviated, wounded a horse of a Russian accompanying crew court. Berezovsky, whose hand was wounded by the explosion, was seized by crowd and arrested. The court on July 15 at which Berezovsky declared that the shot at the tsar under the initiative with the purpose to release the native land took place; he only expressed a regret, that it occurred "in friendly to us France." Berezovsky avoided a death penalty and was sentenced to lifelong hard labor in New Caledonia. Hard labor left on island Nou. In 1886 hard labor was replaced by the lifelong reference. In 1906 he was pardoned, but did not wish to come back from New Caledonia, remaining there until his death in 1916.